Influenced by criminal anthropology his first contribution was the design and implementation of novel police identification methods at the paris prefecture de police. On april 23 1853 french police officer and biometrics researcher alphonse bertillon was born.
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Bertillon system body measurement 2 morphological descriptions. Bertillon was the first who applied the anthropological technique of anthropometry to law enforcement creating an identification system based on physical measurements. Bony parts of the body appearance and shape of the body and its measured parts marks on the surface of the body. Alphonse bertillon a police department file clerk in paris developed a complex method of measuring and categorizing individuals during the second half of the 19th centuryalso known as bertillonage this system collected numerous body measurements and categorized various facial features of a person and was used in the united states and in europe to identify criminals. The bertillonage system was based on the finding that several measures of physical features such as the dimensions of bony structures in the body that remain fairly constant throughout adult life. 22 april 1853 13 february 1914 was a french police officer and biometrics researcher who applied the anthropological technique of anthropometry to law enforcement creating an identification system based on physical measurements. Body measurements morphological descriptions and a description of any marks on the body such as birthmarks scars and tattoos.
The bertillon system which gained almost immediate acceptance worldwide used meticulous physical measurements of body parts especially the head and face to produce a detailed description or portrait parléinitially the system was used much less to identify unknown perpetrators than to allow investigators to determine. Anthropometry was the first scientific system used by police to identify criminals. Bertillon concluded that when these measurements were made and recorded systematically every individual would be distinguishable. And a description of peculiar marks observed on the surface of the body resulting from disease accident deformity or artificial disfigurement such as moles warts scars tattooings etc 2. Alphonse bertillon 1853 1914 was a key actor in the history of crime knowledge at the turn of the century. The morphological description of the appearance and shape of the body and its measured parts as they related to movements and even the most characteristic mental and moral qualities.
Alphonse bertillons personal identification system required the measurement of the morphological description of and a description of. Bertillons system of identification included three categories of information. Bertillon would go on to hone his system of physical description into a precise scientific language which he called a morphological vocabulary to describe human features in all their variety cole 2001 37 as well as a system of abbreviations to render that vocabulary in the most efficient form possible. He developed a filing system that put a person in one of three main categories based upon head size. Anthropometry was the first scientific system used by police to identify criminalsbefore that time criminals could only be.
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